Slabs are a half-height version of their respective full blocks. They are highly blast-resistant blocks. They can be crafted or cut into shape, but they are also generated naturally in the world as parts of generated structures.
A variety of slabs (via screenshot)
Slabs have multiple variants which are based on the material they are made of. All slabs can be picked up when broken with a pickaxe except slabs made from wooden materials. In total there are 33 different materials that come in slab form:
Making stone slabs (via screenshot)
A lot of these variants generate naturally in structures such as villages, strongholds, etc.
Slabs can be stacked on top of one another to make a block of regular height. When two slabs of the same material are stacked on top of one another, some will appear as if they are a full-sized block, but other varieties will appear unmistakably as individual slabs.
Slabs have a unique ability to not allow mobs from spawning on top of them. This allows players to deny mobs from spawning in a specific area. For this to work, the slab must be at half block height, otherwise mobs will be able to spawn.
Using slabs to make a barrel (via screenshot)
Slabs are versatile blocks that are half-block height versions of their full-block counterparts. They are used quite extensively for the construction of builds as they have some unique properties, such as denying the spawning of mobs. They can be found quite easily in the world as they generate in tons of structures such as villages, temples, strongholds, etc.
A. To craft a slab, you must place three of the same type of block in a row on a crafting table, which will create 3 slabs.
A. There are a total of 33 different variations of slabs in Minecraft.
A. Wooden slabs are by far the best and most efficient fuel in Minecraft for the simple reason that you can make a lot of them out of just a few logs.
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